Complications and Comorbidities of IgA Nephropathy

IgA nephropathy affects each person differently. Some people live for years with few or no problems. For others, the damage to the kidneys leads to other health issues over time. Knowing what to watch for can help you and your doctor stay ahead of these changes.^1-3

High blood pressure

Damage to your kidneys can raise your blood pressure. And high blood pressure can, in turn, cause more damage to your kidneys. This cycle is one reason controlling blood pressure is such an important part of managing IgA nephropathy.^2,3

High cholesterol

IgA nephropathy can raise your cholesterol levels. High cholesterol adds to your risk of heart problems, which is why your doctor may check your cholesterol and treat it if needed.^2,3

Nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is a group of problems caused by damage to the kidney filters. It can include:^1,2

• High levels of protein in the urine
• Low levels of protein in the blood
• High cholesterol and other fats in the blood
• Swelling, often in the eyelids, feet, and stomach area

Heart and blood vessel problems

Because the kidneys and heart work closely together, kidney disease can affect your heart health. People with IgA nephropathy may have a higher risk of cardiovascular problems, which is another reason to manage blood pressure and cholesterol.^1,3

Kidney failure

Over time, IgA nephropathy can cause the kidneys to lose function. This can happen slowly (chronic kidney failure) or, in rare cases, quickly (acute kidney failure). About 1 in 4 adults with IgA nephropathy eventually develops kidney failure, though this often takes many years.^1,3

Signs that kidney function is getting worse can include feeling much more tired than usual, changes in how much you urinate, a poor appetite, having a metallic taste in your mouth, feeling nauseous or having episodes of vomiting, or trouble sleeping or focusing. Tell your doctor if you notice any of these symptoms.³

If the kidneys stop working well enough to support the body, treatments called dialysis or a kidney transplant can take over the job of filtering the blood and help a person live for many more years.^2,3

Other conditions linked to IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy is more common in people who have certain other conditions, such as celiac disease, liver disease, and some infections. These do not cause IgA nephropathy, but they can occur alongside it. Your doctor will consider your whole health picture when planning your care.^1,2

Lowering your risk of complications

You cannot change every risk, but you and your care team can take steps to slow the disease and protect your health:^2,3

• Keep your blood pressure in a healthy range.
• Manage your cholesterol with your doctor’s guidance.
• Take your medicines as prescribed to lower protein in your urine and protect your kidneys.
• Keep your regular appointments so changes are caught early.

Talk to your doctor

Many complications of IgA nephropathy can be managed, especially when they are found early. Contact your doctor if you notice new or worsening swelling, changes in your urine, or other symptoms that concern you. Regular checkups are the best way to stay ahead of complications.^1-3